GEOL309-26S2 (C) Semester Two 2026

Mantle and Magmatic Processes

15 points

Details:
Start Date: Monday, 13 July 2026
End Date: Sunday, 8 November 2026
Withdrawal Dates
Last Day to withdraw from this course:
  • Without financial penalty (full fee refund): Sunday, 26 July 2026
  • Without academic penalty (including no fee refund): Sunday, 27 September 2026

Description

Have you ever wondered what the Earth’s mantle is made of, how it melts to generate magma, why the magma erupts where it does and why magmas erupting in different tectonic settings have different compositions? This course will provide answers to these questions and many more. It will examine the nature, origin, and interpretation of igneous rocks and mineral assemblages, as well as the magmatic processes that have produced these materials. Additionally, students will develop an understanding of the petrological evolution of the crustal lithosphere within a modern plate dynamic framework. Case studies will be used from across the globe to provide examples of various magmatic systems, but there will be a particular emphasis on those from the Pacific island nations, including Aotearoa New Zealand. Students taking this course will receive a broad grounding in the experimental, petrographical and geochemical aspects of igneous petrogenesis and magmatic processes. This will be achieved in two lectures and one laboratory class each week, along with half a day of fieldwork to collect geochemical data and a subsequent laboratory class to describe, evaluate interpret those data. Students will be expected to set their work in the context of the broader published literature. Completion of activities in each lecture, marked output from lab classes and a discussion in which the student demonstrates the level of their understanding of key concepts will contribute to the course mark.

This course will build upon students’ understanding of the nature and origin of magma and the igneous rocks that crystallise from it, and the relationship between the magma that erupts or is exposed at the surface and the underlying mantle. Students will also develop an ability to critically collect, handle, evaluate and interpret quantitative data from igneous rocks using examples from across the globe, but in particular the Pacific, including Aotearoa New Zealand.

Learning Outcomes

1.     Realise the importance of igneous rocks in geology and to society.
2. Explain the structure and composition of the Earth’s mantle and the influence that this has on magma and igneous rocks seen at the surface.
3. Understand how rocks melt to form magma.
4. Identify and classify igneous rocks and infer the geological environments in which they form.
5. Create, handle and manage data.
6. Analyse volcanic rocks and compositional data from across the globe, particularly the Pacific, including Aotearoa New Zealand, to understand magmatic systems and processes.
7. Communicate effectively key concepts and acquired knowledge.

Prerequisites

Restrictions

GEOL209, GEOL336

Timetable 2026

Students must attend one activity from each section.

Lecture A
Activity Day Time Location Weeks
01 Monday 15:00 - 16:00 Psychology - Sociology 252 Lecture Theatre
13 Jul - 23 Aug
7 Sep - 18 Oct
Lecture B
Activity Day Time Location Weeks
01 Tuesday 09:00 - 10:00 Rehua 101 Lectorial
13 Jul - 23 Aug
7 Sep - 18 Oct
Field Trip A
Activity Day Time Location Weeks
01 Saturday 09:00 - 15:00 Victoria Park
7 Sep - 13 Sep
02 Sunday 09:00 - 15:00 Victoria Park
7 Sep - 13 Sep
Workshop A
Activity Day Time Location Weeks
01 Thursday 08:30 - 11:00 Ernest Rutherford 220 Geog/Geol Teaching Lab (16/7-20/8, 10/9-15/10)
Ernest Rutherford 211 GIS Comp Lab (16/7-20/8, 10/9-15/10)
13 Jul - 23 Aug
7 Sep - 18 Oct
02 Friday 10:30 - 13:00 Ernest Rutherford 220 Geog/Geol Teaching Lab (17/7-21/8, 11/9-16/10)
Ernest Rutherford 211 GIS Comp Lab (17/7-21/8, 11/9-16/10)
13 Jul - 23 Aug
7 Sep - 18 Oct

Timetable Note

Two lectures per week
One lab per week in weeks 3, 5, 6, 7, 9 and 11. Optional labs in weeks 1 and 2.
One-day field trip (Summit Road, Porthills, first weekend of term 4, 12/13 September).

Course Coordinator

Alex Nichols

Assessment

Assessment Due Date Percentage  Description
In-class exercises 10% During each lecture
Marked labs 41% Due Weeks 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 11: the week following the lab (unless otherwise stated). 41% (4 x 9%, 1 x 2%, 1 x 3%)
Field trip report 9% Due 24/25 September
Oral Exam 40% Will be scheduled during end of semester exam period

Textbooks / Resources

Required textbook(s): None

Recommended textbook(s):
Winter, J.D., Principles of Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology (various editions, available in EPS library)
(or similar igneous rocks and processes textbook)
Rollinson, H.R., Using Geochemical Data: Evaluation, Presentation, Interpretation (available as ebook from UC library) https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/canterbury/detail.action?docID=1602058

Other useful books for the laboratory work are:
Shelley, D., Optical Mineralogy, Elsevier (out of print, but available in Science Shop, also available in EPS library)
Deer, W.A., Howie, R.A. and Zussman, J., An Introduction to the Rock-Forming Minerals (various editions, available in EPS library)

Students will also be directed to relevant journal articles and book chapters throughout the course, and will be expected to undertake their own research and reading.

Notes

Prerequisites: GEOL242

Restrictions: GEOL309 (cross-coded)

Recommended preparation:
A basic understanding of chemistry, mathematics, mineralogy, and some experience of using Excel or an alternative spreadsheet and graphing program would be helpful.

Indicative Fees

Domestic fee $1,099.00

International fee $5,388.00

* All fees are inclusive of NZ GST or any equivalent overseas tax, and do not include any programme level discount or additional course-related expenses.

For further information see School of Earth and Environment on the departments and faculties page .

All GEOL309 Occurrences

  • GEOL309-26S2 (C) Semester Two 2026